Which outcome is possible using genetic engineering, but not using selective breeding?

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SCIH025061: Unit 3 Evaluation
Student ID: C88176220
Student Name: Marin, Pol
Course ID: SCIH025061
Course Name: Biology 1
Evaluation ID: 3
Evaluation Name: Unit 3 Evaluation
Unit 3 Evaluation
Biology 1 (SCIH 025 061)
When you feel you are adequately prepared, complete this Unit Evaluation. It is important that you do your
own work. If you have difficulty with particular sections, you may use your textbook and course materials for
help in answering the questions. After you have completed this evaluation, you will submit it for grading.
Select the response that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1. A white mouse whose parents are both white produces only brown offspring when mated with a brown
mouse. The white mouse is most probably
a. homozygous recessive.
b. heterozygous.
c. homozygous dominant.
d. haploid.
2. In chickens, rose comb (R) is dominant to single comb (r). A homozygous rose-combed rooster is mated
with a single-combed hen. All of the chicks in the F1 generation were kept together as a group for several
years. They were allowed to mate only within their own group. What is the expected phenotype of the F2
chicks?
a. 100% rose comb
b. 75% rose comb and 25% single comb
c. 100% single comb
d. 50% rose comb and 50% single comb
3. In mink, brown fur color is dominant to silver-blue fur color. If a homozygous brown mink is mated with a
silver-blue mink and 8 offspring are produced, how many would be expected to be silver-blue?
a. 0
b. 3
c. 6
d. 8
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4. This diagram shows a diploid cell with two homologous pairs of
chromosomes. Due to independent assortment, what are the possible allelic
combinations that could be found in gametes produced by meiosis?
a. Yy, Ss, SS, and YY
b. SY, sY, Sy, and sy
c. SsYy and SYsy
d. Sy and sY only
5. Using the following diagram, which process would result in the formation of
chromosome C from chromosomes A and B?
a. asexual reproduction
b. independent assortment
c. crossing over
d. segregation
6. If inflated pods are I and constricted pods are c, what is
the genotype of first filial generation (F1) in this diagram?
a. II
b. Ic
c. cc
d. I
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7. Using the following Punnett square, what fraction of this cross will
be recessive for both traits?
a. 1/2
b. 1/4
c. 1/8
d. 1/16
Use the following diagram to answer questions 8 and 9.
8. In this diagram, which set of chromatids illustrates the result of a single crossover of the homologous
chromosomes?
a. A
b. B
c. C
d. D
9. In this diagram, which set of chromatids will result if each chromatid crossed with a nonsister chromatid?
a. A
b. B
c. C
d. D
10. Crossing over would most likely occur during which stage of the cell cycle?
a. when DNA is being replicated
b. when homologous chromosomes are bound as pairs
c. when centromeres are separated
d. when cytokinesis begins
11. What is the role of the spindle fibers?
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a. to join homologous chromosomes together
b. to store nucleotides prior to DNA synthesis
c. to initiate the formation of the nuclear membrane
d. to move chromosomes in the cell
12. Suppose an animal is heterozygous AaBb, and the traits are not linked. When meiosis occurs, what is the
total number of possible combinations of gametes that can be made for these traits?
a. 2
b. 4
c. 6
d. 8
13. A true-breeding tall pea plant (T) is crossed with a true-breeding short pea plant (t), and all the offspring
are tall. What is the most likely genotype of the offspring assuming a single-gene trait?
a. tt
b. Tt
c. TT
d. either TT or tt
14. In mice, black is dominant to white color and color is determined by a single gene. Two black mice are
crossed. They produce two black offspring and one white offspring. If the white offspring is crossed with one of
its parents, what percent of the offspring would you expect to be white?
a. 0
b. 25
c. 50
d. 75
15. Mendel crossed a true-breeding plant that produced green seeds with a true-breeding plant that produced
yellow seeds to produce an F1 generation. The entire F1 generation produced yellow seeds. Then he crossed
the F1 offspring with each other to produce the F2 generation. From the F2 generation, he counted 6022 yellow
seeds. Which of these is the most likely estimate of the number of green seeds he collected from the F2
generation?
a. 0
b. 2000
c. 6000
d. 18000
16. In which of the following situations are the phenotypes of F2 offspring expected to follow the ratio of
9:3:3:1?
a. a monohybrid cross for two unlinked traits
b. a monohybrid cross for two closely linked traits
c. a dihybrid cross for two unlinked traits
d. a dihybrid cross for two closely linked traits
17. If two heterozygous individuals are crossed, what percent of their offspring are also expected to be
heterozygous?
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a. 0
b. 50
c. 75
d. 100
18. Two rabbits that were homozygous for both coat and eye color were crossed. The following are the
phenotypes of their F2 generation. Which most strongly suggest that the genes for eye color and coat color are
linked?
a. 22 brown coat brown eye, 7 brown coat blue eye, 9 white coat brown eye, 4 white coat blue eye
b. 62 brown coat brown eye, 21 brown coat blue eye, 18 white coat brown eye, 7 white coat blue eye
c. 92 brown coat brown eye, 35 brown coat blue eye, 31 white coat brown eye, 11 white coat blue eye
d. 95 brown coat brown eye, 12 brown coat blue eye, 16 white coat brown eye, 30 white coat blue eye
19. At which stage of meiosis do a haploid number of chromosomes line up at the equator of the cell?
a. anaphase I
b. metaphase I
c. anaphase II
d. metaphase II
Use the following pedigree to answer questions 20–21.
20. Hemophilia is a recessive genetic disorder. According to the pedigree given, if individual III-2 marries a
person with the same genotype as individual I-1, what is the chance that one of their children will be afflicted
with hemophilia?
a. 0%
b. 25%
c. 50%
d. 75%
21. According to the pedigree given, what type of inheritance pattern does the trait represented by the shaded
symbols illustrate?
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a. incomplete dominance
b. multiple alleles
c. codominance
d. sex-linked traits
22. When roan cattle are mated, 25% of the offspring are red, 50% are roan, and 25% are white. Roan cattle
are heterozygous for coat color. Upon examination, it can be seen that the coat of a roan cow consists of both
red and white hairs. This trait is one that is controlled by
a. multiple alleles.
b. codominant alleles.
c. sex-linked genes.
d. polygenic inheritance.
23. The disease characterized by the absence of melanin is
a. cystic fibrosis.
b. albinism.
c. galactosemia.
d. Tay-Sachs.
24. Under what circumstances will a recessive trait be expressed?
a. One parent passes on the recessive allele.
b. A recessive allele is passed on by both parents.
c. There is a mutation in the dominant gene.
d. The individual is heterozygous for the trait.
25. When a homozygous male animal with black fur is crossed with a homozygous female with white fur, they
have offspring with gray fur. What type of inheritance does this represent?
a. dosage compensation
b. incomplete dominance
c. multiple alleles
d. sex-linked
26. Examine the graph at the right which illustrates the
frequency in types of skin pigmentation in humans. Another
human trait that would show a similar inheritance pattern and
frequency of distribution is
a. height.
b. blood type.
c. number of fingers and toes.
d. incidence of cystic fibrosis.
27. According to the following pedigree, what is the chance that
individual A will be afflicted with Huntington’s disease?
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a. 25%
b. 50%
c. 75%
d. 100%
28. Cell division in which the sister chromatids fail to separate properly is called
a. multiple alleles.
b. nondisjunction.
c. nonsynapsis.
d. trisomy.
29. When a person’s cells have an extra copy of chromosome 21, it usually results in
a. Down syndrome.
b. Turner’s syndrome.
c. Tay-Sachs disease.
d. Klinefelter’s syndrome.
30. An individual with the chromosomal genotype XYY would be
a. a nearly normal female.
b. a female with Turner’s syndrome.
c. a nearly normal male.
d. a male with Klinefelter’s syndrome.
31. You are a medical researcher trying to create a new antibiotic that will interfere with bacterial DNA
replication without harming the eukaryotic host. You have found several chemicals that prevent DNA from
unwinding and separating. Which of the following would be the best chemical to use?
a. a chemical that blocks uracil use
b. a chemical that cannot pass into the cell nucleus
c. a chemical that is neutralized by cytoplasm
d. a chemical that works only in the presence of histones
32. The small segments of the lagging DNA strand are called
a. helicase.
b. nucleotides.
c. Okazaki fragments.
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d. Hershey bits.
33. The base-pairing rule for binding purines and pyrimidines in the DNA molecule is
a. C-U and A-G.
b. A-G and C-T.
c. A-T and C-G.
d. C-A and G-T.
34. Which shows the basic chain of events in all organisms for reading and expressing
genes?
a. DNA → RNA→protein
b. RNA →DNA→protein
c. mRNA→rRNA→tRNA
d. RNA processing→transcription→translation
35. The process through which the mRNA is synthesized from the template DNA is called
a. RNA processing.
b. translation.
c. protein synthesis.
d. transcription.
36. What type of mutation has occurred in this
diagram?
a. substitution
b. frameshift
c. lethal
d. insertion
37. What is the purpose of producing a line by
inbreeding?
a. reducing the number of genes
b. reducing dominant traits
c. eliminating recessive traits
d. eliminating hidden variation
38. In a test cross, if one parent’s genotype is homozygous dominant,
a. all of the offspring will have the dominant phenotype.
b. 3/4 of the offspring will have the dominant phenotype.
c. 1/2 of the offspring will have the dominant phenotype.
d. 1/4 of the offspring will have the dominant phenotype.
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39. Which outcome is possible using genetic engineering, but not using selective breeding?
a. a sheep with wool longer than wool produced by any other sheep
b. corn that produces one large corn cob per plant
c. a bacterium that produces human insulin
d. a hairless variety of cow
40. Why have viruses been used in gene therapy in humans?
a. They inject DNA into cells.
b. They are passed from one person to another.
c. They are disease-causing factors.
d. They contain restriction endonucleases.
Matching
Match the terms given with their definitions.
41. the process by which one haploid gamete combines with another
haploid gamete a. codominance
b. carrier
c. gene
d. fertilization
e. phenotype
42. the outward expression or observable characteristic of an allele pair
43. a complex inheritance pattern in which both alleles are expressed in
the heterozygous condition
44. an individual who is heterozygous for a recessive disorder
45. the DNA segments that control the production of proteins
Match the terms given with their definitions.
46. the synthesis of mRNA from DNA a. double helix
b. transcription
c. mutagen
d. RNA
e. plasmids
47. certain chemicals and radiation that can damage DNA
48. a nucleic acid that is similar to DNA
49. a twisted ladder shape formed by two stands of nucleotides twisted
around each other
50. small, circular, double-stranded DNA molecules that occur naturally in bacteria and yeast cells
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