The purpose of this assignment is to critically evaluate the literature and identify gaps in the literature.

In Week 2 (the assignment is attached) , you gathered peer-reviewed articles related to a topic on work motivation(Maslow Hierarchy of Needs) covered in this course. This week, you critically evaluate the articles you selected and summarize each article’s main points, findings, and/or conclusions. The purpose of this assignment is to critically evaluate the literature and identify gaps in the literature.

The assignment (8-10 pages):

Develop an “Introduction” and “Background” section for your Final Project that includes:

• An overview of relevant theories related to the motivation topic you selected.
• A description of major theoretical propositions and/or major hypotheses of those theories.
• A review and synthesis of the studies related to the motivation topic you selected.
• A review and synthesis of studies related to the key independent, dependent, and covariate variables in order to produce a description and explanation of what is known about the variables, what is controversial (i.e., mixed findings by researchers), and what remains to be studied.

Support your assignment with specific references to all resources used in its preparation. You are to provide a reference list for all resources, including those in the Learning Resources for this course.

Consult the Week 4 Guideline (ATTACHED)for this assignment in this week’s Learning Resources. 

Running head: LITERATURE SEARCH STRATEGY AND REFERENCE SECTION 1

Literature Search Strategy and Reference Section 2

Literature Search Strategy and Reference Section

Walden University

June 9, 2019

Literature Search Strategy and Reference Section

According to Laureate Education, Inc. (2012), humans have learnt to work in order to survive since the beginning of time; and since then, they have continue to work, but not everyone work in the same magnitude, degree or amount of diligence. Therefore, one can say that humans need to be motivated in order to increase productivity and efficiency in the workplace. Pinder (2008) states that organizations and management must be concerned about motivation and focus on how motivating theories can help with creating procedures and process that affects employee’s motivation. In examining motivation theories, Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs plays a great role in the world of motivation. McLeod (2018) describes Maslow’s hierarchy of needs is a theory that has five basic assumptions of needs, and they are usually displayed in a picture of a pyramid or staircase. (McLeod, 2018). The bottom most layer of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs is the layer of physiological needs (McLeod, 2018). This layer accounts for all the essentials of living which include food, water, and rest. The essentials of this level is that you need to meet your basic needs before you can attempt to become a self-actualized human, which an individual reaches its full potential that includes creative activities (McLeod, 2018). As individuals goes through the process, each of the steps helps a person become autonomous and hopefully a healthier individual.

This theory is highly interesting because as individuals, we can use this theory in any aspect of life which give us a visual on what needs are important and which is next. McLeod (2018) describes how Maslow has directed individuals to the need for a greater balance between priorities that we manage. For instance, the higher the level of need, the higher your dependence becomes on the lower levels. As we examine more of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, this theory will give us a foundation of the meaning of life.

Reference Section

Bailey, G. D., & Pownell, D. (1998). Technology Staff-Development and Support Programs: Applying Abraham Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs. Learning & Leading with Technology, 26(3), 47.

Benson, S. G., & Dundis, S. P. (2003). Understanding and motivating health care employees: Integrating Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, training and technology. Journal of Nursing Management, 11(5), 315–320. https://doi-org.ezp.waldenulibrary.org/10.1046/j.1365-2834.2003.00409.x

Cao, H., Jiang, J., Oh, L. B., Li, H., Liao, X., & Chen, Z. (2013). A Maslow’s hierarchy of needs analysis of social networking services continuance. Journal of Service Management, 24(2), 170-190.

Fisher, E. A. (2009). Motivation and leadership in social work management: A review of theories and related studies. Administration in Social Work, 33(4), 347–367. https://doi-org.ezp.waldenulibrary.org/10.1080/03643100902769160

Henricks, T. S. (2014). Play as self-realization: toward a general theory of play. American Journal of Play. 6(2), 190-213. 

Ivancevich, J. M. (1969). Perceived need satisfactions of domestic versus overseas managers. Journal of Applied Psychology, 53(4), 274–278. https://doi-org.ezp.waldenulibrary.org/10.1037/h0027854

Lester, D. (2013). Measuring Maslow’s hierarchy of needs. Psychological Reports, 113(1), 15–17. https://doi-org.ezp.waldenulibrary.org/10.2466/02.20.PR0.113x16z1

Maslow, Abraham H. (ed.) (1959) New Knowledge in Human Values, New York: Harper & Row.

Maslow, Abraham H. (1971) The Farther Reaches of Human Nature, New York: Penguin Books.

McLaughlin, G. W., & Butler, R. P. (1973). Perceived importance of various job characteristics by West Point graduates. Personnel Psychology, 26(3), 351–358. https://doi-org.ezp.waldenulibrary.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.1973.tb01142.x

Poduska, B. (1992). Money, marriage, and Maslow’s hierarchy of needs. American Behavioral Scientist, 35(6), 756–770. https://doi-org.ezp.waldenulibrary.org/10.1177/0002764292035006010

Rausch, E., & Stark, E. (1998). Strengthening management education and development with non-prescriptive guidelines for the management/leadership aspects of decision. Journal of Workplace Learning, 10(6–7), 332–336. https://doi-org.ezp.waldenulibrary.org/10.1108/13665629810236327

Santrock, John W. Educational Psychology. New York: McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2008.

Tanner, R. (2014). Motivation – Applying Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Theory. Management is a Journey.

Taormina, R. J., & Gao, J. H. (2013). Maslow and the motivation hierarchy: Measuring satisfaction of the needs. The American Journal of Psychology, 126(2), 155–177. https://doi-org.ezp.waldenulibrary.org/10.5406/amerjpsyc.126.2.0155

Wahba, M. A., & Bridwell, L. G. (1976). Maslow reconsidered: A review of research on the need hierarchy theory. Organizational behavior and human performance, 15(2), 212-240.

Wieck, K. L. (2007). Motivating and intergenerational workforce: Scenarios for success. Orthopaedic Nursing, 26(6), 366–373. https://doi-org.ezp.waldenulibrary.org/10.1097/01.NOR.0000300948.88494.9b

Wininger, S. R., Norman, A. D. (2010). Assessing coverage of Maslow’s theory in educational psychology textbooks: a content analysis. Teaching Educational Psychology. 6(1), 33-48.

Wofford, J. C. (1971). The motivational bases of job satisfaction and job performance. Personnel Psychology, 24(3), 501–518. https://doi-org.ezp.waldenulibrary.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.1971.tb00373.x

Wolf, M. G. (1970). Need gratification theory: A theoretical reformulation of job satisfaction/dissatisfaction and job motivation. Journal of Applied Psychology, 54(1, Pt.1), 87–94. https://doi-org.ezp.waldenulibrary.org/10.1037/h0028664

Literature Search Strategy

Since Residency 1, there is a greater understanding in Walden University library. In research, one must follow a systematic procedure to ensure scholarly writing. According to Walden University’s writing center (n.d.), scholarly writing is academic writing that seeks to think critical about a concept or argument. In order to examine the idea, one must provide evidence that backs up the claim. In order to provide evidence, peer reviewed articles are used to ensure validity. Also, each reference used in the reference section must be relevant to the issue. I started by defining and writing down the research question or the concept in which I wanted to explore: Maslow’s hierarchy of needs and how it relates to work motivation. This was followed by identification of phrases, terms and key words that helped tease out themes and keywords. I then identified synonyms to the key words to help me get more accurate results in the search at Walden University and Google Scholar.

When Walden University library was used, I first started the search under ‘Subject Resources,’ then selected Psychology field. This lead to identifying the liaison librarian page and psychology databases, which PsycINFO was selected. Once the databased loaded, key words in the search engine was important as well ensuring that the articles and journals are peer reviewed and in full text. Also, a time frame for my research was consider because to ensure sources are in line with the current trends and changes. However, removing the dates and time allow me to see gaps in literature and how they were filled with research. In using Google scholar, the same concept of using Walden’s library went into play. I used key words that relate to the interest of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs and work motivation. Once I selected an article, I place in a citation management database, Zotero, which allowed me to visually see and trace my articles once I started on the assignment. In all, the foundation of Residency 1gave me the skills I needed to write and research from a doctoral scholarship concept.

Reference

Laureate Education, Inc. (Executive Producer). (2012). Extrinsic motivation theories. Baltimore, MD: Author.

McLeod, S. (2018). Maslow’s hierarchy of needs. Retrieved from https://www.simplypsychology.org/maslow.html

Pinder, C. C. (2008). Job design as a contextual source of work motivation. In Work motivation in organizational behavior (2nd ed., pp. 205–236). New York, NY: Psychology Press.

Walden University. (n.d.). Scholarly writing: Overview. Retrieved from https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/writingcenter/scholarly